The Web and More

web browsers defined

Web browsers communicate with web servers. This is primarily using HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) to retrieve web pages. HTTP lets web browsers submit information to web servers and fetch web pages from them. Currently (2006), the most commonly used HTTP is HTTP/1.1. It is fully defined in RFC 2616. HTTP/1.1 has its own standards requirements. Some web browsers do not fully support these standards.

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Web pages are found using a URL (uniform resource locator). This is treated as a web address. It begins with http: for HTTP access. Many web browsers support a variety of other URL types with their corresponding protocols. These include rtsp: for RTSP (real-time streaming protocol), ftp: for FTP (file transfer protocol), and https: for HTTPS (an SSL encrypted version of HTTP).

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Usually, the file format for a web page is HTML (hyper-text markup language). It is identified using a MIME content type in the HTTP protocol. Most web browsers natively support many formats, besides HTML. Other supported formats are JPEG, PNG, and GIF image formats. These are extended to support more formats using plug-ins.

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Combining the HTTP content type with the URL protocol specification lets web page designers embed animations, images, sound, video, and streaming media.

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posted by Don Marchand @ 10:36 PM